The impact of toxic workplace on employee well-being and organizational outcomes in Lebanon
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A B S T R A C T
A hostile workplace is measured by the encountered toxic environment employee has to deal with. Not only the managers, but also the co-workers play a crucial role in creating a safe community for others by their own behaviors. Toxic environment can significantly impact the employee’s physical as well as mental well-being decreasing thus the employee engagement. This critical issue needs more worldwide awareness and even courage to be shared especially in the lack of organization support. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impct of toxicity at workplace on employee well-being and institutions outcomes among Lebanese public community. Over 204 adult Lebanese were recruited in a cross-sectional study that covers both genders residing in the five Lebanese governorates. The survey questionnaire was designed and carried out from May 2024 to April 2025 with 99.2% as responsive rate. The participants ‘characteristics were under study as well as their association with the institutions where they work in the purpose of shedding light on employees suffering that should lead to decisive acts against these companies. The study revealed that the hostile workplace had negatively affected 100% of all the participants. In addition, no matter was the socio-demographic status difference between the volunteers such as age, gender, profession experience…the toxicity at workplace is dominant. Moreover, the survey identified that not only one but multiple criteria of toxic environment such as bullying, narcissistic behavior, and discrimination…were well recorded with gossiping at highest rate of 15.5%. By consequence, increasing public awareness by awareness campaigns use in Lebanon emphasizes the importance of reporting toxic workplace thus leading to legal acts.