Abstract

Abstract. An abstract of about 250-300 words should be presented immediately preceding the text. The abstract should concisely inform the reader of the manuscript’s topic, its methods, and its findings.

Socio-demographic characteristics and perceived constraints of the farmers to crop production in selected barangays of Cawayan, Masbate, Philippines

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Jacob Fredrick P. Velza, Roger Y. Ibañez, Jr., Novy R. Clores, Donata L. Valler
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study was conducted to comprehend the agricultural status of farmers by analyzing their socio-demographic characteristics and their perceived constraints in farming. The study utilized a descriptive research design and employed a well-structured survey questionnaire to gather data. The study found that the average age of farmers in Cawayan, Masbate was 50 years old. Farmers in Cawayan were dominated by male farmers (71%), with an average of five children (5) and 58% of them had not completed elementary education. The education level of their children was also low, with 23% not completing elementary years. It was observed that 39% of the farmers’ children were unemployed and only 20% of the 114 farmers’ children under legal age were working in relation to farming, with the remaining 80% having another source of income. The majority (62%) of the farmers in Cawayan were classified as small farmers, with land ranging from 1 to 2 hectares. Seventy-three percent (73%) of the farmers engaged in farming solely to produce crops for their own consumption. In terms of the perceived constraints faced by the farmers, soil fertility and water supply were the main problems related to natural resources. The high cost of inputs such as fertilizers, planting materials, pesticides, labor, and machinery was the top problem for farmers. Another significant difficulty the farmers experienced was a lack of understanding regarding how to use these supplies efficiently. The farmers believed that free inputs, free training and seminars, better irrigation systems, and financial help were all answers to these issues.

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Suicidal risks and coping strategies of student personnel assistants in a southern Philippine college

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Daryl B. Casamorin, Henry E. Lemana II, Sherry V. Mecida, Cathy D. Calong, Angelica S.Padilla, Bria Ysabela O. Santiago, John Lloyd B. Mestidio, Kenn N. Tulod, Michael E. Ganayo III, Paloma B. Ladrido10, Ralf Vincent P. Bagual
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

In addition to their formal education, many students often work to supplement their income, gain valuable experience, and keep themselves motivated. However, behind the forces to become working students and the benefits they can acquire from being such, drawbacks like burnout that may lead to suicidal ideation inevitably confront them. This study was aimed at determining the suicidal risks and coping strategies, both negative and positive, of the student personnel assistants (SPAs) in one tertiary institution in the Philippines. This study employed a descriptive[1]correlational methodology, in which the researchers utilized complete enumeration to cover twenty-nine (29) SPAs as respondents of the study. An adopted survey questionnaire was used as an instrument and was distributed to the respondents through Google forms. After gathering the data, the results revealed that SPAs have a mild suicidal risk. They apply positive coping strategies more than negative ones. Further, family monthly income was the primary predictor of suicidal risks among SPAs. Lastly, results show that there is a significant relationship between suicidal risks and positive and negative coping strategies, which implies that the lower the suicidal risks, the higher the positive coping strategies, and vice versa. Based on the results of the study, the researchers recommend that SPAs should apply positive coping strategies more to prevent severe suicidal risks, teachers must be aware of the mental health status of students and reinforce them positively during the teaching[1]learning process, parents of SPAs must find ways to holistically support their children to prevent them from having mental health issues that could lead to suicidal risks, guidance counselors must intensify their mental health programs and services to prevent suicidal risks, school administrators should continue supporting SPAs, and future researchers should explore more aspects of suicidal concerns that affect students in the next normal.

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Institutionalization of recovery and rehabilitation plan of Escalante city

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Vermont Khan L. Juvahib
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study aimed to establish mechanisms for recovery and rehabilitation systems during disaster crisis situations, particularly in the City of Escalante. The study used a qualitative research method by conducting an internal assessment and evaluations using the HYOGO Framework for Actions and SGLG scorecards among government stakeholders, one-on[1]one interviews with sectoral representatives and government key players, analyses of related documentary output available from the city’s archives and valuable articles from the internet. Following the conceptual framework of this paper, the paper intended to integrate programs and projects that would boost disaster readiness and resiliency to the existing systems of governance and developmental mechanisms of the city. It assessed institutional services and how it impacted the community. Likewise, it identified needed interventions to implement capability development among stakeholders and project implementers, how to manage public organizations, CSOs, NGOs, and other private organizations and assist in providing livelihood initiatives among locales and how to fully integrate disaster risk reduction programs into the veins of the local government and at the grassroots’ level.

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The one town, one product program of Cavite Province: A focus on the growth-impeding constraints

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Jerico B. Tadeo, Marlon A. Mojica
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The Philippines and other ASEAN member countries have adopted the promotion of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) as a key strategy in addressing this global concern. OTOP Philippines is a key strategic project for MSMEs in promoting inclusive local economic growth. This study determined the profile of OTOP stores and identified their respective internal and external growth constraints and the extent through descriptive-correlational-causal designs utilizing 58 OTOP enterprises in the province of Cavite. Results revealed that the enterprises were identified as microenterprises and are solvent. In addition, people were identified as the common internal constraint, while the political aspect was noted as the external constraint using the Pareto analysis. Correspondingly, insignificant effects of a business profile on the extent of growth-impeding constraints were noted. The study recommends using long-run and short-run enterprise strategies for OTOP enterprises that may foster growth as a foundation of the pandemic take-off strategy. A model-based approach intervention for local government as a pandemic[1]jumpstart approach in stimulating growth among OTOP enterprises in Cavite may also be conducted.

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Growth of Trichoderma harzianum using starch-based household kitchen wastes

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Mary Rose T. Escalante, Ricky B. Acanto, Marjohn Thomas N. Conlu, Mary Grace F. Langcoy, Susan V. Lirazan, Julie Ann B. Mario
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Household kitchen wastes (HKW) are escalating due to rapid population growth and urbanization. To address the negative impact of throwing the HKW, the utilization and production of valuable bio-resourced potential for farmers are crucial. The study aimed to determine the growth of Trichoderma harzianum using discarded cassava, taro, sweet potato, and arrowroot peelings collected from households. Oven-dried wastes were extracted in vacuo to obtain the starch, used as alternative culture media, and compared with potato dextrose agar (PDA). The result showed that T. harzianum growth in formulated culture media had similar surface color characteristics in the colony grown in PDA. Variations in texture and hyphal thickness occurred among culture media: cassava peelings have slightly compact with concentric rings; taro and sweet potato peelings have concentric rings; arrowroot and PDA produced puffy concentric rings. Thin hyphal thickness was observed in both PDA and arrowroot, while the three media have moderately thick to thick characteristics. The linear growth of different culture media formulated from HKW is comparable to PDA, used as the standard culture medium for T. harzianum. The result suggests that the different starch-based HKW may be used as alternative culture media for the commercial production of T. harzianum, which may support pests’ biocontrol and the farmers’ increased yield.

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Customer relationship management strategies of selected resorts in Cavite: A pandemic situationer

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Xavier Lawrence D. Mendoza, Rangie O. Espejon
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Customer relationship management (CRM) can be used to build relationships with customers and consistently acquire, retain, and create extra value for customers, even when a crisis like the COVID-19 pandemic has occurred. The study’s primary objective was to determine and understand the customer relationship management strategies of selected resorts in Cavite during the pandemic. A descriptive[1]correlational research design was utilized in the study, and a purposive sampling technique was used in selecting targeted respondents. The researchers utilized a self-constructed survey questionnaire that 20 resort owners and managers answered in Dasmariñas City, General Trias City, Naic, and Tanza, Cavite. The result revealed that most of the respondents had operated their business for a long period of time, mostly as a sole proprietorship, and had a considerably small number of employees. The study found that the social media network was the most utilized customer relationship management strategy in the acquisition of potential customers. The marketing incentives were most used in retaining the customers. Lastly, most respondents utilized multiple channels supports to create extra value for customers. Considerably, there is no significant relationship between the business profile of the respondents and the perceived effectiveness of customer relationship management strategies except between the length of business operations and customer expansion. Despite the uncertainties brought by the pandemic to the hospitality and tourism industry, customer relationship management strategies aided the business sustainability of the resort businesses. In line with the existing new normal, this study recommended that resort firms should employ innovative strategies that are sensitive to customer trends.

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Improving the 5S rating of a public high school in Baguio city, Philippines through a university community extension program 

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Geraldine G. Nerona
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

5S (SORT, SET, SHINE, STANDARDIZE, SUSTAIN) implementation in a public high school of Baguio City is a community extension program of the Industrial Engineering department of Saint Louis University. The goal of this program is to address the cluttered and unorganized classrooms that also resulted to some safety issues in the school. The role of the faculty of the university was to provide training to the teachers and staff of the high school, develop activities pertinent to each level of the 5S program, guide and monitor the teachers and staff throughout the implementation of the 5S program, make periodic reports and do the impact assessment. Direct assessment was used to measure the 5S ratings of the classrooms before and after the extension program. Qualitative assessment was used to measure the impact of the extension program in increasing knowledge level and applying 5S in the school setting. The paired t-test indicated a significant improvement in the 5S rating of the school from “minimal acceptable level” to “excellent” after implementation of the extension program. The qualitative assessment results indicated that the teachers found the extension program “definitely useful” in meeting their needs for information, “significantly increased their knowledge” about 5S, and that they “definitely plan to adopt/continue with the program” in the future. The experiences shared by the teachers reveal the changes that they have undergone in the way they do things as a result of learning about 5S. Their personal account of the changes they underwent is evidence of shift in behavior as a result of imbibing 5S into their system.

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Productivity and profitability of citrus nursery operation in Abia State, Nigeria

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Iroabuchi, J.N., Odii, M.A.C.A., Emenyonu, C.A., Gbolagun, A.O.,Onyeke, A.C., Esogwa, I.E., Akanni, B.A.
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The aim of this study was to provide insight on productivity and profitability of citrus nursery operation in Abia State, Nigeria. Data such as socio-economic features of the nursery operators, quantities and prices of inputs and outputs of their operation were obtained through multi-stage sampling techniques from 54 citrus nursery operators. Costs and returns analysis, productivity models and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data from the survey. It was shown that majority of the operators were male with average age of 47.98years, year of education of 11.35years and household size of 5 persons. The variable cost of nursery operation was 92.84% of the total cost (N637,117.56) while the fixed cost was 7.16% of the total cost. The revenue from the sales of citrus seedlings was N1,140,856.69 therefore the gross and net margin of the ventures wereN503,739.13 and N454,580.08 respectively. In addition, rate of return on investment was 66.24%. The total factor cost and value of citrus output was N686,276.63 and N1,140,856.69 respectively hence the productivity index of citrus nursery production was 1.66. Results of the regression indicated that costs of labor and planting materials had negative significant while household size, years of experience and access to credit had positive significant effects on the profitability. In conclusion, Citrus nursery operation is dominated by middle – aged, educated, experience with moderate household size. It has good return on investment (ROI) with productivity above unity but high costs of labor and planting materials reduces profitability while household size, years of experience and access to credit enhanced profitability. It was recommended that youth education about gains of citrus nursery production business should be advocated considering its viability and profitability to reduce unemployment and government should prioritized extension of necessary assistance such as inputs subsidy and access to credit to the nursery operators.

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Radio advertising influence, selection factors and advertisers’ satisfaction of radio broadcasting in one city

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Rechie B. Pabelona, Samson M. Lausa
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Radio for advertisers is often seen as an outdated type of media. Today, the media is changing rapidly to digitalization and on-line advertising, which can be seen in radio as well. This study aims to determine the influence of radio advertisement, client radio-selection factors, and client satisfaction of radio broadcasting. Using a validated survey questionnaire and desk and filed research conducted by the researchers themselves, a descriptive research design was used to examine the 27 local advertisers of a single radio station in one city of the Province of Negros Occidental, Philippines. The advertisers were grouped according to their nature of business, organization type, length of advertising engagement, client type, and advertising package. The Mean, the Mann Whitney-U, and the Kruskal-Wallis were utilized for viewing and analyzing the study’s outcomes. Findings revealed that the influence of radio advertisement is generally high. Specifically, results showed that the influence of radio advertisement on sales is high while moderate on market shares and the extent of radio selection factors is high. The study also revealed that advertisement cost is of utmost consideration among advertisers when selecting which station to advertise and that they are happy with the services of the radio advertising. Likewise, the digital broadcasting revealed a moderate influence both on sales and on market shares. The absence of differences on the extent of advertising influence to sales and market shares, the extent of radio selection factors, and the extent of advertisers’ satisfaction is also evident. Further, the findings revealed no significant difference between the advertising package and sales and between advertising package and market shares. The study’s findings enable radio advertisers and radio stations to investigate novel programs and marketing strategies that will support business operations and boost profit margins year after year.

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Antibacterial study of guava leaves on some enteric bacteria (E. coli and Shigella dysentriae) from Sokoto, Nigeria

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Yusuf Sarkingobir, Abdulrahman Hamza, Malami Dikko, Marwanu Abubakar, Asiya Giddado Yabo, Balkisu Isa Muhammad
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study conducted identification of phytochemicals in guava and expunge the antimicrobial capacity possessed by the plant on some bacteria. Ethanol and water were utilized to make the plant extracts that are used against Escherichia coli, and Shigella dysenteriae all isolated from clinical isolates. The results showed that the phytochemicals were present in leave extracts of P. guajava. The plant contains alkaloid, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, steroid. The antibacterial activity of aqueous and ethanolic leaves extract of P. guajava revealed the mean diameter of zone of inhibition of extract on the test isolate with E. coli spp being the most susceptible isolate at 200 mg/ml concentration (20 mm). The ethanol extracts revealed the highest activity against the test bacteria, Escherichia coli (20mm zone of inhibition, MIC of 12.5mg/ml, and MBC of 25mg/ml) followed by Shigella (18.3mm zone of inhibition, MIC of 6.25mg/ml and MBC of 25mg/ml). The aqueous extracts showed slightly lower activity on the test organisms compare to the water extracts. Escherichia coli (8.6mm zone of inhibition, MIC of 12.5mg/ml and MBC of 12.5mg/ml), followed by Shigella (5mm zone of inhibition, MIC of 12.5mg/ml and MBC of 25mg/ml). The obtained result displayed that both extracts impede the growth of the test isolates using 6.25 – 25mg/ml concentration. In turn, the leave contains of the plant can be improved to benefit from its antibacterial and phytochemical compounds.

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