Author: admin_irjstem

Volume 2 | No. 2 | July 2022 Issue

admin_irjstem Issue

July 31, 2022

Volume_2 _No._2 _July_2022_Issue_cover_page
Rectifying misconceptions on covalent bonding using cooperative learning, concrete models, and computer simulation: A case study
Phuntsho Dorji, Yonten Chophel
Drukjegang Higher Secondary School, Bhutan
Daga Central School, Dagana, Bhutan
Full Paper PDF Abstract 1-10

A closer look at neophyte teachers’ instructional competence: A phenomenological study
Lynard Bobby L. Asirit, Jocelyn H. Hua, Lorenzo Mendoza
Davao del Norte State College/ Kolehiyo ng Pantukan, Philippines
Kolehiyo ng Pantukan, Philippines
Department of Education, Division of Davao Oriental, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 11-25

Support vector machine classification learning algorithm for diabetes prediction
Renas Rajab Asaad
Department of Computer Science, College of Science, Nawroz University, Kurdistan-Region, Iraq
Full Paper PDF Abstract 26-34

Serbigo Serbisyo on the Go!: Online job order mobile application for non-professional workers
Kent Nolan P. Juliano, Wilmer Andre E. Cruzado, Kyle Daniel P. De Ramos, Mia V. Villarica
Laguna State Polytechnic University, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 35-47

Communication strategies of English majors in Philippine classroom discourses: Basis for an enhancement module on strategic competence
Henry E. Lemana II
English as a Foreign Language Teacher, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Full Paper PDF Abstract 48-59

Treatment outcome and follow-up pattern of breast cancer patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic disease receiving intravenous chemotherapy during COVID-19 Pandemic: A descriptive correlational study
Paulo Martin B. Villanueva, Judy Ann B. Surtida, May Sabando
English as a Foreign Language Teacher, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Polytechnic State University of Bicol / Manila Doctors College of Nursing, Philippines
Bicol Regional Training and Teaching Hospital (BRTTH), Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 60-66

Performing homework using of ICT for graphical presentation of trigonometric functions: A qualitative analysis
Senad Orhani
Faculty of Education/University of Prishtina “Hasan Prishtina”, Prishtina, Kosovo
Full Paper PDF Abstract 67-78

Affective strategies in teaching and learning English as a Second Language (ESL)
Nadia Rose M. Sison
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 79-90

Quality assurance in selected medical schools in Metro Manila Philippines: Current practices and future directions
Fengyi Ma1, Guangjun Tao
Office of Foreign Languages, Guilin Medical University, China
Youth League Committee, Guilin Medical University, China
Full Paper PDF Abstract 91-100

Assessment of servant leadership and ethical climate: The case of administrators and supervisors
Geff B. Sagala, Ismael A. Haguisan III, Ene J. Bauden
STI West Negros University, Bacolod City Philippines
University of Antique, Philippines
La Consolacion College Bacolod, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 101-110

Analyses on three-wheeled vehicles in relation to congestion: A case study in Bishoftu City, Ethiopia
Tenna Tesfaye Abebe, Mekete Deresso Garuno
Assosa University, Ethiopia
Full Paper PDF Abstract 111-122

Detection of Ascaris suum on Visayan warty pig Sus cebifrons in Negros Island, Philippines: A case report
Wilfredo V. Andico Jr.
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 123-130

Incorporating strategic management and competitive intelligence into library practice
Olabisi Fadeke Adesina, Zainab Olanihun Ambali, Medinat Dolapo Laaro,Tunde Toyese Oyedokun
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
Kwara State College of Arabic and Islamic Legal Studies, Nigeria
Full Paper PDF Abstract 131-138

K-12 online education during COVID-19 pandemic: Private school teachers’ perspective
Eric M. Ragpala
Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University- MLUC, College of Graduate Studies
City of San Fernando, La Union, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 139-152

21st century competencies of teachers in teacher education institutions: Basis for designing faculty development program
Julie Ann B. Real
Philippine School Doha, Qatar
Full Paper PDF Abstract 153-164

Job mismatch: The case of registered nurses in the Philippines
Kristine A. Condes, Toni-an B. Lachica
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
University of St. La Salle, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 165-175

Lion algorithm: Overview, modifications and applications
Saman M. Almufti
Computer Science, Nawroz University, Kurdistan-Region, Iraq
Full Paper PDF Abstract 176-186

Bilingualism: Its influence on the reading comprehension of college students
Adybier M. Lobaton
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 187-203

Effect of vitamin C and folate on heat-stressed chickens’ egg quality and daily egg production 
Okocha I. Onuoha, Herbert Udo
Federal College of Education, Eha-Amufu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria.
Full Paper PDF Abstract 204-215

Elementary teachers’ experiences and instructional challenges during the return to school after the COVID-19 closure in the Philippines
Potchong M. Jackaria
Teacher-II, Tandubato Primary School, Tawi-Tawi, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 216-225

Understanding determinants of cloud computing adoption: A review of technology adoption models
Aminu Adamu Ahmed, Alhaji Adamu Saidu
Federal Polytechnic Kaltungo, Gombe, Nigeria,
Abubakar Tatari Ali Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria,
Full Paper PDF Abstract 226-241

Instrumental popular music and students’ reading comprehension: Basis for proposed reading remediation program
Ana Marie C. Diaz, Jasmin S. Villanueva
Department of Education, Philippines
Pampanga State Agricultural University, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 242-254

Non-specialized general education instructors’ confidence and self-efficacy in teaching general education subjects
Jherwin P. Hermosa, Richard C. Ampo
Laguna State Polytechnic University, Philippines
Full Paper PDF Abstract 255-264

A closer look at neophyte teachers’ instructional competence: A phenomenological study

admin_irjstem Abstract , , ,

Lynard Bobby L. Asirit, Jocelyn H. Hua, Lorenzo Mendoza
Davao del Norte State College/ Kolehiyo ng Pantukan, Philippines
Kolehiyo ng Pantukan, Philippines
Department of Education, Division of Davao Oriental, Philippines
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
The concept of instructional competence, which refers to the ability to show that one has the readiness and effectiveness of necessary skills within the teaching framework in public schools, has hardly ever been investigated. This qualitative descriptive phenomenological study aimed to discover the instructional competence of newly hired public school teachers. Through the lens of Albert Bandura’s (1997) Self-Efficacy Theory, it investigated what instructional competencies a newly hired teacher possessed that demonstrated readiness and efficacy of the required skills. The focus group discussions highlighted the crucial characteristics for improving the competencies. The results revealed six (6) emergent themes: the acquisition of baseline instructional standards, coping with the shift of instructional quality, planning for quality instruction, an initiative for instructional improvement, dealing with uncertainties, and health and well-being stability. The results highlighted that instructional competency might become self-efficient with increased experience and practice. Their prior teaching experience influenced the quality of a new teacher’s instruction. In addition, teachers’ competencies are gradually enhanced and strengthened as they gain experience in the field. As students discover new concepts, teachers begin to hone the skills that will allow them to manage classroom instruction effectively. This study deepens the understanding of instructional competence and may enable teachers and policymakers to design and implement initiatives. Since there is strong evidence that newly hired teachers may be self-sufficient, instructional managers must assure support by creating policies and programs that bridge instructional competencies to practice. These professional development programs allow newly hired teachers eventually gain instructional competency and well-motivated public-school teaching.

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Rectifying misconceptions on covalent bonding using cooperative learning, concrete models, and computer simulation: A case study

admin_irjstem Abstract , , , ,

Phuntsho Dorji, Yonten Chophel
Drukjegang Higher Secondary School, Bhutan
Daga Central School, Dagana, Bhutan
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
The covalent bonding concept is perceived by students as abstract to comprehend and thus leads to the development of misconceptions. The inappropriate preconception on the subject is one of the contributing factors that lead to the development of misconceptions among the students. To this end, identifying and remediating learners’ misconceptions is vital for every individual teacher in order to cultivate sound scientific knowledge in their learners. This study aimed to explore two aspects: first, the misconceptions of the grade-ninth students on the covalent bonding concept. Second, the effectiveness of cooperative learning based on conceptual change instruction, the use of concrete models, and computer simulation in remediating those misconceptions. The study adopted a quantitative method. The sample comprised 20 students (n=20) studying in the ninth grade of Drukjegang Higher Secondary School in Bhutan. The misconceptions of the students were identified using two-tier diagnostic tests. The study revealed that students’ common misconceptions related to covalent bonding are concentrated under five themes: the kinds of atoms that form covalent bonding, how covalent bonding is formed, the kinds of covalent bonding, the characteristics of covalent compounds, and the Lewis dot structure and the octet rule. The data collected from the pre-test and post-test were analyzed and compared to determine the effectiveness of the intervention strategies. The misconceptions of students in post-test have significantly reduced after the intervention was implemented. The study suggests the use of cooperative learning, concrete models, and computer simulation as an effective remediating means of delivering the concept of covalent bonding among the students. Implications of the findings are also discussed.

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Volume 2 | No. 1 | April 2022 Issue

admin_irjstem Issue

April 27, 2022

Mathematical realization of diagnosing COVID-19 using Boolean Algebra on an array of colds-related symptoms
Daeuk Kim, Maria Nessie Sobina Chiang Yu, Ryan Rhay Vicerra, Raouf N.G. Naguib, Ronnie Concepcion II
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines/South Korea
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Full Paper PDF Abstract 1-14

Working to leave or living to work?: Employees’ quality work life factors and its impact on turnover intention
Leonilo M. Cruz, Bea Teresa S. Sengco, Nuquie P. Gadin
Dr. Carlos S. Lanting College, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 15-25

Differentiated instruction to develop Al-Azhar students’ writing fluency
Abdelkareem Ali Abdelnaeim Mehany
Sohag University, Egypt

Full Paper PDF Abstract 26-38

Impact of antimicrobial stewardship program on antibiotic resistance and length of hospital stay of patients at Bicol regional training and teaching hospital: A retrospective descriptive study
Paulo Martin B. Villanueva, John Bryle J. Zapanta
Polytechnic State University of Bicol/Manila Doctors College of Nursing, Philippines
Bicol Regional Training and Teaching Hospital, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 39-49

Protective face covering: An application of MobileNetV2 detector
MN Musa, NO Badmos, IR Saidu, U Abdulrazaq
Nigerian Defence Academy, Kaduna Nigeria

Full Paper PDF Abstract 50-62

Immediate supervisor’s satisfaction on teaching competence of teachers product by one state college in Western Visayas Philippines
Soceline N. Batisla-ong
Iloilo State College of Fisheries-Dingle Campus, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 63-74

Remediating misconceptions related to particulate nature of matter using video animation: An action research
Yonten Chophel
Daga Central School, Dagana, Bhutan 

Full Paper PDF Abstract 75-87

Heuristic approach with teacher-made worksheets in general biology 2: A classroom innovation in distance learning
Abraham D. Cacay
San Felipe High School, San Manuel, Tarlac, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 88-99

Public awareness of forensic science: A cross sectional study in Lebanon
Paula Romanos
Independent researcher, Beirut, Lebanon

Full Paper PDF Abstract 100-109

Academic dishonesty cheating in synchronous and asynchronous classes: A proctored examination intervention
Homer T. Alvarez, Reynald S. Dayrit, Maria Crisella A. Dela Cruz, Clariza C. Jocson, Renzo T. Mendoza, Ariel V. Reyes, Joyce Niña N. Salas
Pampanga State Agricultural University 

Full Paper PDF Abstract 110-122

A review on data center monitoring system using smart sensor network
G.M. Sharif Ullah Al-Mamun, Firuz Kabir, Fahima Nazeen, Jarin Sobah
Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Bangladesh

Full Paper PDF Abstract 123-130

Effect of study habits counselling on senior students’ achievement in English language
Dekera G. Atim, Comfort M. Maor, Rejoice Atim, Nancy N. Igyu
Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria,
Government Model College, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
Benue State University Makurdi, Nigeria.

Full Paper PDF Abstract 131-142

American films as an educational tool for character development of teenagers
Rudy
Universitas Prima Indonesia, Indonesia

Full Paper PDF Abstract 143-151

Development and validation of multimedia-based instructional module in Science 7
Christian R. Basilio, Eivan Mark S. Sigua
Tinajero National High School Annex-Department of Education, Philippines
College of Education-Pampanga State Agricultural University, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 152-162

COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine safety and antibodies level among healthcare workers at Centre Hospitalier du Nord
Rosabelle Chedid, Salam El Samad, Josmar Yammine, Nisrine Chami, Mira Daher
Université Antonine (UA), Baabda, Lebanon
Centre Hopistalier du Nord (CHN), Zgharta, Lebanon
Mira Diet Clinic, Ein Remmane, Lebanon

Full Paper PDF Abstract 163-177

Sugarcane growth through fermented bamboo shoot application 
Roniel A. Ardeña, Nyle A. Pardillo, Justine V. Gemida
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Sugar Regulatory Administration, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 178-184

Mobile language learning apps during COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review based study 
Rustam Haidov, Emrah Soykan
Near East University, English Language Education, Cyprus/ New Jersey, USA
Near East University, Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Cyprus

Full Paper PDF Abstract 185-195

Proficiency and attitude of criminology students in Trigonometry in select Philippine higher education institution
Ritchie F. Balandra
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines

Full Paper PDF Abstract 196-207

Efficacy of fermented cassava pulp with chicken manure on nutrients digestibility, haematological parameters, and growth performance of barrow pigs
Simon Anthony Kayombo, Pattaraporn Poommarin, Panida Duangkaew
Wanging’ombe District Council, Njombe, Tanzania
Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi Province, Thailand

Full Paper PDF Abstract 208-216

Physical facilities on students’ participation in science and technology programmes in public universities in Kenya
Bernard Wasilwa Wanyama
Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya

Full Paper PDF Abstract 217-231

Physical facilities on students’ participation in science and technology programmes in public universities in Kenya

admin_irjstem Abstract , , ,

Bernard Wasilwa Wanyama
Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
Despite the government commitment to the implementation of admission policies like targeting enrolment of 50% of all students in science and technology related courses through placement of students into these programmes and significantly expanding them, only 29% of students were studying a course in Science and Technology by the year 2016. Such scenario implies that the country is seriously lagging behind in the realization of Kenya Education Sector Support Programme (KESSP I) participation target of 50%. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of physical facilities on students’ participation in these Programmes. The study employed descriptive survey design. Purposive sampling and simple random techniques were employed to select respondents. Questionnaires, interview schedules and structured observation schedules were utilized to collect data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically and reported in form of tables, quotations and narrations while quantitative data was analysed by use of frequencies, percentages, means, pie charts and bar graphs. It was established that inadequacy of physical facilities stood at 74%. The study concludes that Universities were experiencing acute shortage of facilities to the extent that they had not reached the minimum acceptable level. Practical elements in curriculum were extremely undermined and the curriculum was highly deficient, out-dated and irrelevant with little coordination between its designs and industries. Students were majorly grounded in theory at the expense of practical industrial training and transmission pedagogy dominated lecture halls, making learning largely passive. It recommends that Universities should formulate, adopt and implement University Industry Partnership and Placement (UIPP) policy to recognize the Universities’ science and technology study programmes as part of the industry chains.

Full Paper PDF

Efficacy of fermented cassava pulp with chicken manure on nutrients digestibility, haematological parameters, and growth performance of barrow pigs

admin_irjstem Abstract , ,

Simon Anthony Kayombo, Pattaraporn Poommarin, Panida Duangkaew
Wanging’ombe District Council, Njombe, Tanzania
Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi Province, Thailand
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
Cassava pulp is a by-product from the starch industry which was used as cheap alternative livestock feed. However, it has a limitation of low protein and high fibre to use in monogastric animals. Nutrient improvement of cassava pulp usually employs the use of inorganic nitrogen fertilizer. Here we demonstrated the use of chicken manure as an organic nitrogen source in compensation for the inorganic nitrogen. This research aimed to investigate the efficacy of cassava pulp fermented by dried chicken manure with yeast (CPCM) in a maize-soybean-based diets of pigs on nutrients digestibility, haematological parameters, and growth performance of barrow pigs as alternative energy feed. The results showed that the CPCM had crude protein increase from 1.99% of the plain cassava pulp to 8.54% (p < 0.05), while the crude fibre of CPCM decreased from 15.63 to 13.85%. Investigation of the diets containing CPCM as a replacement of maize at 4 levels (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) in twenty-four castrated male pigs (57.13 ± 3.29 kgs initial bodyweight) revealed that the control diet (0%CPCM) had the greatest digestibility percentages in all categories including dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, gross energy, and total phosphorus (p < 0.05). Among CPCM replacement diets, the 15%CPCM generally verified a greater digestibility. The results of the feeding trial showed that there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and haematological parameters among the four treatment diets. The haematological results showed that all parameters fall under the normal ranges of haematological pigs’ references. In conclusion, the results confirmed that CPCM can be used in the replacement of up to 15% in maize-soybean pig diets without any harmful effects.

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Proficiency and attitude of criminology students in Trigonometry in select Philippine higher education institution

admin_irjstem Abstract , , ,

Ritchie F. Balandra
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Corresponding Email:  [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
The study aimed to determine the relationship between the attitude and level of proficiency in Trigonometry among criminology students in select Higher Education Institution (HEI) in the Philippines. Descriptive-correlational design was used in this study. The modified Sherman-Fennema Attitude Scale was used to determine the attitude of the respondents while mean, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the level of proficiency in Trigonometry. Findings revealed that the level of proficiency of the criminology students when taken as a whole and grouped according to sex and type of school graduated from high school is High. Interestingly, when they are grouped according to their achievement status, it shows that respondents who are achievers were Very High proficiency, while the average and low achievers is in High and Low respectively. Moreover, criminology students had a Moderate positive attitude towards Trigonometry. Furthermore, there was no significant differences in the level of proficiency in Trigonometry of the criminology students when grouped according to sex and type of school graduated. However, differences were noted when they are grouped according to their status of achievement. Considering their attitudes, no significant differences were also noted when criminology students were grouped according to sex, type of school graduated during high school and status of achievement.

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Mobile language learning apps during COVID-19 pandemic: A literature review based study 

admin_irjstem Abstract , ,

Rustam Haidov, Emrah Soykan
Near East University, English Language Education, Cyprus/ New Jersey, USA
Near East University, Computer Education and Instructional Technology, Cyprus
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
The entire world has come under the influence of a novel pandemic crisis, COVID-19, which has affected the human lives at a large scale. Educational setup and the whole realm of learning also have also suffered a lot worldwide and a major change in the mode of learning has been seen in response to the major crisis. Virtual learning has come in power, which takes into account the crucial role of language-learning mobile applications. Language learning mobile applications has served a large population in the current crisis with their learning benefits. A wide range of language learning mobile apps is available in the app stores, which are being downloaded by incalculable number of language learning aspirants on daily basis. These apps have a remarkably positive influence on the foreign language learners regarding the ease of providing a self-paced learning opportunity along with uplifting the motivational level of language learners. The role of mobile language learning apps and their potential advantageous impact has been discussed, which especially proves significant during the COVID-19 crisis where life is going through various restrictive measures. No matter, the importance of face-to-face language instructions and practice involving direct feedback cannot be overlooked but the virtual or distant language learning via mobile apps bring remarkable progress among the foreign language learners, especially during the adverse crisis, COVID-19, the phenomenon of learning foreign languages via mobile apps is absolutely worthwhile.

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Sugarcane growth through fermented bamboo shoot application 

admin_irjstem Abstract , ,

Roniel A. Ardeña, Nyle A. Pardillo, Justine V. Gemida
Northern Negros State College of Science and Technology, Philippines
Sugar Regulatory Administration, Philippines
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T
This study was conducted to determine the growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) as affected by fermented bamboo shoot application in terms of plant height, number and diameter of nodes, number of leaves, and average number of tillers. Study results would help farmers to find an alternative source in growth promotant hormone that could find in fermented bamboo shoot (FBS) that is locally available compared to synthetic cytokinin. There were four treatments used: t1- 2 ml synthetic cytokinin/L of water (control); t2- 2 ml of FBS/L of water; t3- 7 ml of FBS/L of water, t4- 12 ml of FBS/L of water. These treatments were arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and were replicated four times. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used as a statistical tool of the study and comparison among means using Honest Tukeys Significant difference at 5% level of significance. Sugarcane plants applied with 7 ml bamboo shoot concoctions has highest mean in plant height and number of leaves which is significantly higher than synthetic cytokinin and 2 ml concoction. On the other hand, application of 12 ml concoction got the highest mean in number of nodes and nodes diameter which is statistically higher than synthetic cytokinin and 2 ml concoction but comparable to 7 ml concoction. Based on results, FBS is better source of cytokinin and could be an alternative of using synthetic cytokinin. Results also revealed that using 7 ml and 12 ml concoctions performs better in all agronomic parameters. It is recommended to use FBS as a replacement of using the synthetic cytokinin at the levels of 7 ml and 12 ml concoctions per litre of water. Further study on the effect of FBS must be conducted to determine significance in tiller production of sugarcane. Further research study for the FBS to be analyzed for cytokinin content and will be used as fertilizer to other crops and vegetables are recommended to truly validate the results.

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COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine safety and antibodies level among healthcare workers at Centre Hospitalier du Nord

admin_irjstem Abstract , , , ,

Rosabelle Chedid, Salam El Samad, Josmar Yammine, Nisrine Chami, Mira Daher
Université Antonine (UA), Baabda, Lebanon
Centre Hopistalier du Nord (CHN), Zgharta, Lebanon
Mira Diet Clinic, Ein Remmane, Lebanon

A B S T R A C T
Studying the levels of the anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) antibodies as well as the vaccine safety is very important to evaluate the protection level against the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection and to motivate individuals to receive the vaccine. In this study, we evaluate the effect of the mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine using the EUROIMMUN anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA (IgG) for the measurement. We detected the IgG class antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in the human serum, or plasma, of 217 eligible participants aged >18 years, recruited between March and June 2021. These participants were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of 149 participants without prior infection, while the second group included 68 participants who had recovered from symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 infections. All the adverse effects were minor local or systematic reactions such as local pain, asthenia, body ache, muscle pain and headache. The level of the adverse effects increased following the second vaccine dose. The adverse effects were higher in participants with previous symptomatic SARS-CoV2 infection (p=0.020). This was due to the presence of anti-S-RBD IgG levels before the vaccination. Moreover, the adverse effects were higher in females than males after the first dose (p=0.025) and the second dose (p=0.01). As for the anti-S-RBD IgG levels, they were all positive at the end of the second dose. The anti-S-RBD IgG levels 21 days after the vaccination dose were higher than the pre-vaccination levels (p=0.000) and they were higher in previously infected participants before getting the first dose (p=0.000). Our results show a good antibody response at the end of the two mRNA BNT162b2 vaccine doses in both previously infected and not infected participants. Moreover, our study highlighted the minor adverse effects reported following each dose.

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