Abstract

Abstract. An abstract of about 250-300 words should be presented immediately preceding the text. The abstract should concisely inform the reader of the manuscript’s topic, its methods, and its findings.

Phytochemical analysis and microbial inhibition activity of Serpentina (Rauvolfia serpentina) leaves syrup on Escherichia coli causing Diarrhea

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Vladimir D. Credo Jr.
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Diarrhea is among the leading global causes of child morbidity and death worldwide (WHO, 2018), and this disease also kills 1.8 million people yearly. Contaminated food and water resources are the most common causes of diarrhea. 1 out of 10 people still doesn’t have improved water sources, leading to people being infected by diarrhea, WHO, 2019. Moreover, this study is aligned with SDG number 3, or good health and well-being, as this study was done to determine the content and the microbial inhibition of Serpentina leaves syrup against Escherichia coli causing diarrhea. Tests were: I. Phytochemical analysis (Alkaloids, Flavonoids, and Tannins) II. Disk Diffusion method on 4 different concentrations. III. Shelf life determination. IV. One-way ANOVA. For phytochemical analyses, serpentina leaves showed chemicals that can inhibit E. coli causing diarrhea, with implications such as pharmacological and microbial inhibition effects. Specifically, it showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonols, a subclass of flavonoids, and tannins. The disk diffusion method showed that serpentina leaves syrup has intermediate to susceptible efficiency against E. coli causing diarrhea (50% to 70% interprets that it’s intermediate effective while 75% and above interprets that it’s susceptible effective) as results showed that it is 65% effective with 25% and 50% concentrations, 70% effective with 75%concentration, and 80% effective with 100% concentration, which clearly states that the syrup can be used as a potent remedy against diarrhea due to its effective inhibition. After the shelflife determination, it was observed that serpentina syrup could last for up to 2 weeks, as the syrup changes in color on the 13th day and both in color and appearance on the 14th day. Following the one-way ANOVA, the results indicated a significant difference between the 4 concentrations and the positive control group, with F (73.344) > 3.48.

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Numerical analysis of internal flow phenomena in a backward curved centrifugal fan

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Khema Theint, War War Min Swe, Aung Kyaw Soe, Aung Ko Latt
Corresponding Email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Centrifugal fans are widely used in applications for the ventilation of air to induce pressure and drive the flow medium. The centrifugal fans are applied not only to produce fresh air but also to absorb toxic gases from the environment. Complex flow patterns are present in the centrifugal fan’s impeller and volute casing. The flow patterns of a backward curved centrifugal fan are the main topic of this study. The flow in the impeller blade channels needs to be better understood to optimize the design and performance of any turbomachine. This work uses numerical analysis to examine the flow patterns inside a backward curved centrifugal fan employed in the ventilation system. Computational fluid dynamic code serves as the foundation for numerical analysis, ANSYS-CFX 21.2. The fan under investigation in this study has an operational speed of 1500 rpm, a pressure head of 4 m, and a volume flow rate of 3 m3min-1. A change in mass flow rates has a direct impact on the pressure and velocity distributions in the centrifugal fan’s impeller passageways. By varying the mass flow rates, the numerical results have demonstrated the three-dimensional properties of the flow, particularly in the impeller blade passageways and the casing. The fan casing contains the high-pressure region, while the impeller intake is the low-pressure area. The area within the volute tongue in which flow recirculation occurs. The backward curved centrifugal fan has a static efficiency of 93% and a total efficiency of 96% at the specified volume flow rate. This suggested methodology can be used to identify fluid flow constraints in the volute casing, comprehend internal flow patterns in the backward curved centrifugal fan, and enhance centrifugal fan performance.

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Exploring practitioners’ knowledge of circular economy in the Ghanaian construction industry

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Emmanuel Asiedu, Andrew Victor K. Blay Jnr, Senyo Kwame Denutsui
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The circular economy model is gaining traction in a multitude of sectors, including construction. Incorporating this model into construction operations is anticipated to promote environmental sustainability while improving the industry’s notorious reputation. This study investigates the knowledge level and comprehension of circular economy among 13 experienced professionals in the construction industry in Ghana. The research employed a qualitative methodology and used a semi-structured interview schedule to gather data. Participants’ responses were analyzed using a thematic approach. Seven themes were established after participants shared their opinions. The themes included reuse and recycling, waste minimization, resource management, environmental approach, passive design concepts, sustainable/eco-friendly material selection, and collaborating/partnering, with reuse and recycling being the dominant theme. The study’s findings indicate that construction practitioners were primarily concerned with reuse and recycling, with little awareness of circular economy applications. The limited knowledge and huge comprehension gap surrounding the theory and practice of circular economy must be addressed if construction professionals want a sustainable environment.

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Enhancing student admissions management efficiency through digital transformation: A case study using a no-code development platform

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Do Dinh-Cuong, Nguyen The-Vinh, Bui Anh-Tu
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study examined the impact of no-code platform on the efficiency of complex processes, specifically in the context of the university admission process. Using AppSheet as a case study, the study collected data for two years prior to the adoption of the platform and for one year following its adoption. The results showed a significant reduction in terms of submission time, processing time, and human/facility resources required to manage the admission process after the adoption of AppSheet. The reduction in the number of personnel required to manage the admission process, as well as the reduction in processing time, highlights the potential for no-code platforms to improve organizational efficiency and reduce costs. However, the study has several limitations, including a relatively short data collection period and a limited range of metrics used to evaluate the impact of AppSheet on the admission process. Additional investigation is required to fully evaluate the effectiveness of no-code platforms in managing complex processes and to determine the potential ethical or legal issues associated with their use. Overall, the results of the study suggest that no-code platforms have the potential to significantly improve the efficiency of complex processes and improve overall organizational performance.

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More than just a movement: Capacitating cooperatives in Negros Occidental of Region VI

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Princess Jeah Marie Sotto Geroso
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The government, along with all of its branches, subdivisions, instrumentalities, and agencies, is required by Republic Act 9520’s Article 2 to guarantee that technical assistance, financial support, and other services are provided to cooperatives in order to help them grow into sustainable businesses and, in turn, create a strong cooperative movement free from any restrictions that could compromise the autonomy or organizational integrity of cooperatives. This study determined the extent of thirty (30) Negros Occidental cooperatives’ compliance with training and the extent of the cooperative performance in governance and management using standardized instruments. The result of the quantitative aspect was further validated using open – ended questions, the responses to which were gathered using Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and face-to-face interviews. A descriptive quantitative-qualitative research design was used. Statistical analyses required the use of frequency, percentage, and Chi-square. Results revealed that the majority of the participants in this study were Multipurpose Cooperatives, cooperatives with longer years of existence, and small cooperatives. Availability of funds, lack of time, and lack of training needs assessment were attributed by the cooperatives as factors for their non-compliance to mandatory and optional training. Majority of cooperatives performed to a great extent in governance and management. No significant relationship between the extent of compliance to mandatory training; optional training; and the extent of performance in governance and management at 0.05 level of significance. It is concluded that there is a need to improve the extent of compliance to the cooperatives to both mandatory and optional training as well as their performance to governance and management. It is recommended that the CDA consider reviewing the practices of cooperatives in the utilization of the CET Fund to ensure that this is used solely for training and seminars of officers, management staff, and members of the cooperatives.

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Levels of self-efficacy and adjustment among Filipino elementary teachers in the re-opening of face-to-face classes

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Carl O. Dellomos, Mae Angela D. Dela Cruz, Shirlex Martinez, Klint Niño L. Miciano, Reinna Jhozea C. Tiongson, Jhasper M. Ty, Marie Grace Pamela G. Faylona, John Mark M. Tumaob, Sheila G. Tan, Benjamin M. Castro
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

The learning community has been profoundly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the Philippines, Filipino teachers faced challenges such as adjustment to new pedagogical concepts, styles of delivery, and different environments due to the limitations imposed by the nationwide lockdown. The Department of Education (DepEd) shifted promptly to switch to online learning and develop the Basic Education Learning Continuity Plan (BE-LCP). This plan outlines how education will continue during the pandemic, with a primary focus on protecting the well-being and safety of students, instructors, and staff. Furthermore, the Department of Education mandated the return of five days of in-person classes two years later, when education had recovered to normal, following the effects of COVID-19. The aim of this study is to describe the levels of teachers’ self-efficacy, adjustment, and the relationship between these variables when the reopening to five-day face-to-face classes was implemented. The respondents of the study were teachers from Beata Elementary School at Pandacan, Manila. A correlational method was used to perform the research. The researchers utilized a survey questionnaire that included the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES), created by Megan Tschannen-Moran and Anita Woolfolk Hoy in 2001, as well as the Teachers’ Adjustment Scale developed by the researchers. Data revealed that there is a high level of self-efficacy (x̄ =8.04) and adjustment (x=8.38) among the Filipino elementary teachers. The study revealed a positive correlation between self-efficacy and teacher adjustment, indicating that the higher the level of self-efficacy, the higher the level of teacher adjustment.

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The role of school in forming a local culture-based education environment in indigenous school

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Tria Ina Utari
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Purpose: Schools faced the philosophy of life and the existence of local culture which has become a local indigenous perspective. This paper aims to reflect on the role that schools play in shaping the local culturebased educational environment. Using the narrative inquiry method (qualitative research), and data collection through in-depth interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis including condensation, presentation, conclusion and verification. The results show that the role of schools in shaping local culture-based education through sympathetic and affirmative policies on indigenous children, indigenous teachers, and local indigenous youth. The educational environment based on local culture such as the terms pela-gandong, ale rasa-beta rasa, potong dikuku rasa didaging, sago salempang patah dua which is the philosophy of life of local culture, can be absorbed in increasing the affection of all elements in the school through the practice of caring attitudes, a sense of brotherhood, respect, and togetherness. This research increases insights in educational institutions that are in an indigenous environment, by studying and adopting local culture-based education questions. This research can bridge the gap between indigenous peoples’ marginality and educational progress, especially in indigenous.

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Effects of different preservatives on the vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers

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John Mark R. Padernal, Ronie R. Reyes, Roniel A. Ardeña, Justine V. Gemida, Jerica C. Ameler
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This research determined how different preservatives affected Chrysanthemum cut flowers’ visual quality and vase life (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.). The study’s findings will benefit farmers, particularly chrysanthemum growers, producers, and dealers, by enabling them to enhance and prolong the Chrysanthemum cut flowers’ visual appeal and vase life. The study took place over a period of 23 days. There were four treatments: t0- tap water, t1- three (3) tablespoons of sugar with two (2) tablespoons of vinegar per liter of distilled water, t2- fifty percent coconut water per liter of distilled water, and t3- 200 mg ascorbic acid per 100ml of distilled water. The Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was utilized to arrange these treatments, and four replications were carried out. As a statistical tool for the study, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Significant Difference at a 5% significance level were used to compare means. The highest visual quality was obtained from Chrysanthemum cut flowers treated with three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar in the first, second, and third week, respectively, compared to all other treatments. Also, it got the highest mean for vase life. It was found that the application of three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar per liter of distilled water is significantly different and can maintain and extend the visual quality or freshness of Chrysanthemum cut flowers as well as the vase life of those flowers. As a result, three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar is suggested as an alternative to other preservatives for cut flowers. Additional research studies of using sugar with vinegar on other kinds of cut flowers is recommended to validate the results.

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Revalidating the test of general reasoning ability in the African context: Evidence from Rivers State Nigeria

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Stella Eteng-Uket
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

As the world becomes increasingly complex, the demand for individuals with strong general reasoning abilities has never been more important. To meet this demand, educators and employers need a reliable way to measure the general reasoning ability of their students and employees. The Test of General Reasoning Ability (TOGRA) has emerged as a promising tool for measuring general reasoning ability. However, it has not been used in developing nations like Africa, including Nigeria. One possible reason for this is the lack of revalidation of the TOGRA in Nigeria. Therefore, to gain recognition in Nigeria’s research community and also be used with confidence, it is necessary to revalidate the test in the local context. This prompted the study. Eight research questions were drawn, a triangulation research design was adopted, and a sample of 400 persons was drawn using a multi-stage sampling approach from the Port Harcourt metropolis in Rivers State, Nigeria. Two instruments were used for data collection: the Test of General Reasoning Ability (TOGRA) and the Reynold Adaptable Intelligence Test Nonverbal (RAIT-NV). The data were analysed using various statistical tools and software. Results revealed that TOGRA possesses adequate difficulty and discrimination indices, high-reliability indices, and validity. The conclusion was that TOGRA is a reliable and valid measure of reasoning ability in Nigeria. It was recommended that it be used for research and practical purposes in educational and occupational settings.

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The effect of stigma reduction initiatives on HIV testing rates among college students in region XI: The mediating role of safer sex practices

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Lynard Bobby L. Asirit
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study investigates HIV-related behaviors, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among college students in Region XI. It aims to understand the impact of stigma reduction initiatives on HIV testing rates, assess safer sex practices, examine KAP regarding HIV/AIDS, and investigate the mediating role of safer sex practices. Stigma reduction initiatives were found to foster supportive environments but did not significantly increase HIV testing rates. Instead, age, gender, and type of educational institution were more influential determinants of testing behavior. Demographic factors had limited impact on the choice of abstinence as a safer sex practice, emphasizing unaccounted variables in decision-making. While participants exhibited good knowledge and positive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS, variability within the sample highlighted the need for tailored interventions. Sociodemographic factors had minimal influence on KAP. The promotion of safer sex practices did not serve as a mediating factor in the relationship between efforts to reduce stigma and the rates of HIV testing. Neither stigma reduction initiatives nor safer sex practices directly impacted testing rates, suggesting the presence of unexplored variables. The study underscores the complexity of HIV-related behaviors among college students. Tailored interventions that consider demographic diversity and go beyond stigma reduction are essential. Comprehensive sexual education programs should address diverse determinants of safer sex practices. Inclusive education on HIV/AIDS is crucial, and further research is needed to explore nuanced factors influencing HIV testing and safer sex practices.

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