Author: admin_irjstem

The role of school in forming a local culture-based education environment in indigenous school

admin_irjstem Abstract , , ,

Tria Ina Utari
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Purpose: Schools faced the philosophy of life and the existence of local culture which has become a local indigenous perspective. This paper aims to reflect on the role that schools play in shaping the local culturebased educational environment. Using the narrative inquiry method (qualitative research), and data collection through in-depth interviews and documentation studies. Data analysis including condensation, presentation, conclusion and verification. The results show that the role of schools in shaping local culture-based education through sympathetic and affirmative policies on indigenous children, indigenous teachers, and local indigenous youth. The educational environment based on local culture such as the terms pela-gandong, ale rasa-beta rasa, potong dikuku rasa didaging, sago salempang patah dua which is the philosophy of life of local culture, can be absorbed in increasing the affection of all elements in the school through the practice of caring attitudes, a sense of brotherhood, respect, and togetherness. This research increases insights in educational institutions that are in an indigenous environment, by studying and adopting local culture-based education questions. This research can bridge the gap between indigenous peoples’ marginality and educational progress, especially in indigenous.

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Effects of different preservatives on the vase life of chrysanthemum cut flowers

admin_irjstem Abstract , , , ,

John Mark R. Padernal, Ronie R. Reyes, Roniel A. Ardeña, Justine V. Gemida, Jerica C. Ameler
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This research determined how different preservatives affected Chrysanthemum cut flowers’ visual quality and vase life (Chrysanthemum morifolium L.). The study’s findings will benefit farmers, particularly chrysanthemum growers, producers, and dealers, by enabling them to enhance and prolong the Chrysanthemum cut flowers’ visual appeal and vase life. The study took place over a period of 23 days. There were four treatments: t0- tap water, t1- three (3) tablespoons of sugar with two (2) tablespoons of vinegar per liter of distilled water, t2- fifty percent coconut water per liter of distilled water, and t3- 200 mg ascorbic acid per 100ml of distilled water. The Complete Randomized Design (CRD) was utilized to arrange these treatments, and four replications were carried out. As a statistical tool for the study, the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Significant Difference at a 5% significance level were used to compare means. The highest visual quality was obtained from Chrysanthemum cut flowers treated with three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar in the first, second, and third week, respectively, compared to all other treatments. Also, it got the highest mean for vase life. It was found that the application of three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar per liter of distilled water is significantly different and can maintain and extend the visual quality or freshness of Chrysanthemum cut flowers as well as the vase life of those flowers. As a result, three tablespoons of sugar with two tablespoons of vinegar is suggested as an alternative to other preservatives for cut flowers. Additional research studies of using sugar with vinegar on other kinds of cut flowers is recommended to validate the results.

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Revalidating the test of general reasoning ability in the African context: Evidence from Rivers State Nigeria

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Stella Eteng-Uket
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

As the world becomes increasingly complex, the demand for individuals with strong general reasoning abilities has never been more important. To meet this demand, educators and employers need a reliable way to measure the general reasoning ability of their students and employees. The Test of General Reasoning Ability (TOGRA) has emerged as a promising tool for measuring general reasoning ability. However, it has not been used in developing nations like Africa, including Nigeria. One possible reason for this is the lack of revalidation of the TOGRA in Nigeria. Therefore, to gain recognition in Nigeria’s research community and also be used with confidence, it is necessary to revalidate the test in the local context. This prompted the study. Eight research questions were drawn, a triangulation research design was adopted, and a sample of 400 persons was drawn using a multi-stage sampling approach from the Port Harcourt metropolis in Rivers State, Nigeria. Two instruments were used for data collection: the Test of General Reasoning Ability (TOGRA) and the Reynold Adaptable Intelligence Test Nonverbal (RAIT-NV). The data were analysed using various statistical tools and software. Results revealed that TOGRA possesses adequate difficulty and discrimination indices, high-reliability indices, and validity. The conclusion was that TOGRA is a reliable and valid measure of reasoning ability in Nigeria. It was recommended that it be used for research and practical purposes in educational and occupational settings.

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The effect of stigma reduction initiatives on HIV testing rates among college students in region XI: The mediating role of safer sex practices

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Lynard Bobby L. Asirit
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This study investigates HIV-related behaviors, knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among college students in Region XI. It aims to understand the impact of stigma reduction initiatives on HIV testing rates, assess safer sex practices, examine KAP regarding HIV/AIDS, and investigate the mediating role of safer sex practices. Stigma reduction initiatives were found to foster supportive environments but did not significantly increase HIV testing rates. Instead, age, gender, and type of educational institution were more influential determinants of testing behavior. Demographic factors had limited impact on the choice of abstinence as a safer sex practice, emphasizing unaccounted variables in decision-making. While participants exhibited good knowledge and positive attitudes toward HIV/AIDS, variability within the sample highlighted the need for tailored interventions. Sociodemographic factors had minimal influence on KAP. The promotion of safer sex practices did not serve as a mediating factor in the relationship between efforts to reduce stigma and the rates of HIV testing. Neither stigma reduction initiatives nor safer sex practices directly impacted testing rates, suggesting the presence of unexplored variables. The study underscores the complexity of HIV-related behaviors among college students. Tailored interventions that consider demographic diversity and go beyond stigma reduction are essential. Comprehensive sexual education programs should address diverse determinants of safer sex practices. Inclusive education on HIV/AIDS is crucial, and further research is needed to explore nuanced factors influencing HIV testing and safer sex practices.

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Improving network security using keyboard dynamics: A comparative study

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Ugwunna, C.O., Chukwuogo, O.E., Alabi, O.A.1, Kareem, M.K., Belonwu, T.S., Oloyede, S.O.
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Duplication or imitation of individual keystroke rhymes is very difficult which can make it very efficient to be used for identity authentication. Over time, it is possible that the keystroke style of an individual to be learned by following keystroke information obtained when the person types text. The user’s identity can always be verified by studying the user’s keyboard input styles anytime the user uses the keyboard. The technique suggested in this study uses the keystrokes that users make while typing to verify their identities. To provide an accurate verification of whether a user is authentic or fraudulent, a model that integrates machine learning and dynamic keystroke models—Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and K-nearest Neighbors—is compared and utilized. The keystroke dynamics dataset was gathered from Kaggle and consists of 51 subjects’ keyboard dynamics data, which was collected over the course of eight sessions and six months. There are 20400 samples in all in the data. This study assessed the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms with a focus on the keystroke dynamic authentication system. Python is used for the development work, while Jupyter notebook is used as the IDE. The performance of the models for different variables is assessed using the following metrics: accuracy, error equal rate, parameter performance, threshold, training time, and testing time. According to the results, the accuracy of the Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, KNN, and Decision Tree algorithms are, respectively, 98, 97.55, 97.28, and 94.26%. Based on the comparing results, Random Forest outperforms the other models, suggesting that Random Forest can be used as the system model for Keystroke Dynamic authentication.

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Filipino language anxiety among science high school students

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Dominic Patric G. Galdonez
[email protected]

A B S T R A C T

This research centers on language anxiety, a persistent issue impeding students’ ability to learn a new language. Language anxiety can cause students to feel inadequate in their language skills, experience self-doubt, and worry about what others think of them. This can negatively impact their performance and self-esteem. The goal of the study is to understand the perspectives of Grade 12 students at the Philippine Science High School-Ilocos Region Campus when it comes to their anxiety while using the Filipino language in their day-to-day activities. To achieve this, the researcher used a quantitative research approach, specifically focusing on Grade 12 students enrolled in the Specialization Years program. The researcher created a survey questionnaire adapted from Jugo (2020) to better suit the student respondents. The data analysis included descriptive statistics using a 5-point Likert Scale. The results showed that students experience varying anxiety levels when using different aspects of language, such as speaking (x̄ =3.19, moderate anxiety), writing (x̄ =3.41, moderate anxiety), receiving corrections (x̄ =3.28, moderate anxiety), selfperceptions (x̄ =3.45, moderate anxiety), and comprehension (x̄ =3.46, moderate anxiety). These findings emphasize the importance of recognizing and addressing language anxiety to create supportive learning environments. In conclusion, this research highlights the complex nature of Filipino language anxiety among Grade 12 students and stresses the need for customized interventions and support systems to enhance their language learning experience. The study provides valuable insights into the ongoing discourse on language anxiety and how it impacts language acquisition in educational settings.

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Investigation on performance analysis of pyramid solar water distillation system

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Sabae Khaing, War War Min Swe
 Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Solar water distillation systems are required for developing countries, especially in rural areas with an increasing population and environmental water pollution where there is no clean drinking water. Thus, solar still is the most important technology to increase pure water productivity in these regions. So, it is necessary to explore more about the system of solar distillation. In practical applications, design and performance analysis are essential to predict the efficiency of the solar still. This study aims to present the analysis of the temperature profile and fresh water output of the pyramid-shaped solar water distillation system by theoretical, numerical, and experimental analysis. The CFD simulation of the solar water distillation system was created using ANSYS FLUENT, and the experimental test was conducted in Mandalay, Myanmar, which is situated at a North Latitude of 21.996° and an East Longitude of 96.1° on 23rd April, 2022. In the performance analysis, the glass cover was tilted at 45°, and the water depth in the basin was 1 cm. For output verification, the experimental measurements were compared with theoretical and numerical results. The highest solar heat flux was 811.36 W/m2 in theory and 799.32W/m2 in experiment at 12:00 noon. During the solar still operation, the basin temperature was higher than the water and glass cover temperatures. The highest operating temperatures in the solar still in theoretical, numerical, and experimental analysis were 330 K, 331 K and 332 K respectively. The maximum pure water productivity was obtained at 335.5 ml/hr in theoretical analysis, 357.4 ml/hr in numerical analysis, and 437.5 ml/hr in experimental analysis. It has been found that all the analytical results among the theoretical, numerical, and experimental works show good agreement, which verifies and supports each other.

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Determinants of performance in the board examination for Mechanical Engineering graduates of the Nueva Vizcaya State University, Bambang campus

admin_irjstem Abstract , , , ,

Dale Mark N. Bristol, Larry P. Remolazo, Ernesto B. Bausel Jr., Jeanelyn R. Tominez, Jemimah P. Natividad
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

A culture of excellence and quality should always incorporate continuous improvement. Institutions of higher learning are the spearheads of creative minds and improve the capability and caliber of the professionals and leaders resulting from the confluence of academic and industrial relationships. A yardstick called board examination is administered to engineering graduates by the Professional Regulations Commission (PRC) to produce licensed engineers in the Philippines. Considering this, the research aims to investigate the determinants of board examination performance for Mechanical Engineering graduates of the Nueva Vizcaya State University, Bambang Campus. The data were gathered through surveys and interviews of mechanical engineering graduates and faculty members involved in board exam preparation programs. To analyze the performance details of the board examination in the Mechanical Engineering program of the Nueva Vizcaya State University, various quantitative methods such as t-test, correlation analysis, logistic linear regression, and path analysis are utilized to test the significance level between 2011 – 2015 and 2016 – 2020, who took the board examination; establish if there is any association between board examination and academic performance, and predict subject areas that affect most the performance in the board examination as well to create a mathematical prediction model in this aspect. The findings of this study would serve as a guide and an eye-opener for engineering learning institutions in determining effective strategies to improve the board exam performance of mechanical engineering graduates and as well enhance the quality of mechanical engineering education.

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Spatial and temporal variations of soil microbial respiration under native and exotic tree species

admin_irjstem Abstract , , , ,

Lameck Davie Nyirenda1, James Majamanda, Anas Khalif, Mana Kanjanamaneesathian
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

Different tree species can directly or indirectly affect soil conditions. They influence soil microbial diversity and abundance and hence soil respiration. Trees and soil respiration have a complex relationship that is poorly understood, as does the seasonal and spatial variation that naturally occurs in them. This study was therefore conducted to evaluate soil respiration processes under two native tree species, Msuku (Uapaca kirkiana) and Mtondo (Julbernardia paniculata), and one introduced tree species, Malaina (Gmelina arborea). In 2019 (March and October), soil samples were taken at 0.5m, 1.5m, 2.5 m, and 3.5m intervals from the trunks of the chosen tree species at depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm. Using the alkali absorption method, soil respiration was assessed. The findings demonstrated that respiration decreased with the increase in horizontal distance from the trunk of both indigenous species. On the contrary, soil respiration increased with the increase in horizontal distances from the trunks of introduced tree species. The findings also demonstrated that respiration was higher at 0–10 cm than at 10–20 cm soil depths in both March and October under all three tree species. The higher microbial soil respiration in the surface layer could be attributed to better soil aeration, as opposed to the sub-surface soil. Furthermore, soil respiration was higher for soils collected in March than soils collected in October, probably because March is associated with the rainy season in which soil moisture content is higher than October. It can be concluded that different tree species strongly influence spatial and vertical soil respiration differently. This calls for proper selection of tree species to be utilised in agroforestry. Therefore, knowledge of nutrient uptake of various tree species and the influence of tree species on soil processes, but also microbial population effects on nutrient cycling linked to various tree species is essential.

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Comparative analysis of pigment contents, phytochemical constituents, and antioxidant properties of selected plants in the Philippines

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Kim Mariel S. Casuga, Lexter R. Natividad
Corresponding email: [email protected]

A B S T R A C T

During the pandemic, people turned to cultivating ornamental plants in their gardens. One of the trending plants is Mayana (Coleus blumei) for its leaves are pleasing to the eyes. Katuray (Sesbania grandiflora) and Sweet Potato Tops (Ipomoeas batatas), on the other hand, can be found everywhere in the different localities in the Philippines. This study aimed to trace the presence of different phytochemical constituents of Mayana, Katuray, and sweet potato tops. The presence of phytochemical constituents in Ipomoea batatas gave its property of anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and many more. In addition, results showed the presence of pigments in three plants such as carotenoid and chlorophyll content in the three plant samples. Further, the antioxidant properties were also identified. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results showed that there is a significant difference among the three plants at a 5% level of significance in terms of total carotenoid content. Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the chlorophyll a and b in Ipomoea batatas, however, the post hoc test revealed that Coleus blumei and Sesbania grandiflora have no significant difference in their chlorophyll content. Meanwhile, thinlayer chromatographic analysis revealed that Ipomoea batatas has the greatest number of spots of all plant samples. Analysis of the total phenolics and antioxidant activity exhibited that Ipomoea batatas has the least quantitative result which means that it is the most potent among the three plant samples. This study therefore concluded that Ipomoea batatas can be formulated as a drug or supplement due to its antioxidant properties. The remarkable presence of different phytochemical constituents can give rise to new pharmaceutical products in the market.

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